Henri Fayol ke 14 principles of management, aaj ke workplace mein kuch hat tak applicable hain, lekin kuch principles ab modern management practices ke saath evolve ho gaye hain. Fayol ke principles aur unki applicability ka ek overview yeh hai: 1. **Division of Work** - Yeh principle ab bhi relevant hai kyunki specialization productivity aur efficiency badhati hai. 2. **Authority and Responsibility** - Authority aur responsibility ka balance aaj bhi zaroori hai, lekin modern workplaces mein collaborative aur inclusive leadership pe bhi focus hota hai. 3. **Discipline** - Discipline ab bhi important hai, par modern approaches mein self-discipline aur mutual respect ko zyada emphasis milta hai. 4. **Unity of Command** - Clear reporting structure important hai, lekin matrix organizations mein multiple reporting lines common ho gayi hain. 5. **Unity of Direction** - Aligned goals aur direction ab bhi crucial hain for achieving organizational objectives. 6. **Subordination of Individual Interests to General Interest** - Team goals ko individual goals se upar rakhna ab bhi important hai. 7. **Remuneration** - Fair compensation ab bhi employee motivation aur satisfaction ke liye zaroori hai. 8. **Centralization** - Decision-making power ka balance zaroori hai, aur decentralization trend ab zyada hai to empower employees. 9. **Scalar Chain** - Hierarchical communication ab bhi relevant hai, lekin flat structures aur open communication channels bhi common hain. 10. **Order** - Resources aur people ko organized way mein manage karna ab bhi zaroori hai. 11. **Equity** - Fairness aur justice important hai for maintaining a positive work environment. 12. **Stability of Tenure of Personnel** - Employee retention aur stability ab bhi critical factors hain. 13. **Initiative** - Employee initiative aur innovation ko encourage karna important hai for growth and competitiveness. 14. **Esprit de Corps** - Team spirit aur collaboration ab bhi crucial hain for organizational success. To summarize, Fayol ke principles ab bhi workplace mein various degrees pe apply hote hain, lekin unhe adapt kiya gaya hai modern management practices aur organizational needs ke hisaab se.

B efficient but not effective

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(a) Chandrika Bhattacharya is working at the middle management level. (b) Three more functions required to be performed by Chandrika Bhattacharya at this level could include: 1. Strategic Planning: Chandrika needs to develop and implement strategic plans to ensure the long-term success and growth of Olax Ltd. She must analyze market trends, competitor strategies, and customer needs to formulate effective business strategies. 2. Supervision and Coordination: Chandrika is responsible for supervising and coordinating the activities of various departments within Olax Ltd. She must ensure that all departments work cohesively towards achieving the company's goals and objectives. 3. Stakeholder Management: Chandrika needs to effectively manage relationships with stakeholders such as employees, customers, suppliers, and the community. She must address their concerns, communicate company policies, and maintain positive relationships to ensure the company's reputation and goodwill.

No

Middle level management Three function:- 1- implemented policies and plan which is made by top level management 2-To ensure recruit of employers 3-motivate employers

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Top level management

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